Step-by-Step A Guide to Hajj Rituals
- Ihram
- Before entering Mecca, pilgrims enter the state of Ihram by wearing special garments (two white seamless cloths for men; simple modest dress for women).
- Make the intention (niyyah) for Hajj and recite the Talbiyah: “Labbayka Allahumma Labbayk…”
- Tawaf al-Qudum (Arrival Circumambulation)
- Upon entering the Masjid al-Haram, perform seven counter-clockwise circuits around the Kaaba.
- Begin at the Black Stone (Hajar al-Aswad), kissing or touching it if possible, or pointing towards it.
- Sa’i between Safa and Marwah
- Walk seven times between the hills of Safa and Marwah, recalling Hagar’s search for water.
- Stay at Mina
- Travel to Mina on the 8th of Dhu al-Hijjah and spend the day and night in prayer and reflection.
- Day of Arafat (9th of Dhu al-Hijjah)
- Proceed to the Plain of Arafat and stand in prayer and supplication from noon until sunset.
- This is the most important ritual of Hajj.
- Muzdalifah
- After sunset, move to Muzdalifah, where you gather pebbles and pray Maghrib and Isha combined.
- Ramy al-Jamarat (Stoning of the Devil)
- On the 10th of Dhu al-Hijjah, throw seven pebbles at the largest pillar (Jamrat al-Aqaba) in Mina, symbolizing the rejection of evil.
- Animal Sacrifice (Qurbani)
- Perform the sacrifice of an animal, commemorating Prophet Ibrahim’s willingness to sacrifice his son.
- Meat is distributed to the needy.
- Halq or Taqsir (Shaving or Trimming Hair)
- Men shave their heads or trim hair; women cut a small portion of their hair.
- Tawaf al-Ifadah
- Return to Mecca to perform another seven circuits around the Kaaba.
- Sa’i (if not done earlier)
- Complete the Sa’i between Safa and Marwah if not done before.
- Stay at Mina (11th and 12th Dhu al-Hijjah)
- Continue stoning the three Jamarat (small, medium, and large pillars) over these days.
- Farewell Tawaf (Tawaf al-Wada)
- Before leaving Mecca, perform a final circumambulation of the Kaaba.
By completing these steps with devotion and sincerity, pilgrims fulfill the rituals of Hajj as prescribed in Islam.
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